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Geography |
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LOCATION AND AREAS:
The district of Ahmednagar shown on the
map of Maharashtra state. This district is situated in the central part of the state.
Location
1. North Latitude (degrees) 18.2 to 19.9
2. East Longitude (degrees) 73.9 to 75.5
Area
Total area (Hector) - 1741271
Forest ( Hector) - 151571
Under irrigation( Hector) - 425100
Under Non cultivation ( Hector)- 133356
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LAND FORMS
There are various land forms in Ahmednagar district. There are hilly
off-shoots of the Sahyadris in the western part of he district. They are called
Kalsubai, Adula, Baleshwar and Harishchandragad hill ranges. Kalsubai the highest
peak in the Sahyadris, lies in Ahmednagar district. Harishchandragad, Ratangad,
Kulang and Ajuba are some other peaks in the district. We see the Vita ghat on the
way to >Randha falls and the Chandanpuri ghat on the Pune-Sangamner road . In the
northern part of the district, plains are found along the banks of the rivers Godavari
and Pravara and the southern part, along the rivers Bhima,Ghod and Sina.
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The different land forms in a region constitute its physical setup. If we consider the physical
setup of Ahmednagar district we see that there are three physical divisions
1. Western Hilly Region
2. Central Plateau Region
3. The region of northern and southern plains
1. Western Hilly Region :
Akole taluka and Sangamner taluka are included in this
region. The hill ranges of Adula, Baleshwar and Harishchandragad lie in this region
and various high peaks are found in the same region. Kalsubai of height of 5427
feet, the highest peak in the Sahyadris, lies in this Region.
2. Central Plateau Region :
Parner and Ahmednagar talukas and parts of Sangamner, Shrigonde and Karjat
talukas are included in this region.
3. The Region of Northern and Southern plains:
This region includes northern Kopargaon, Rahata, Shrirampur, Rahuri, Newasa, Shevgaon
and Pathardi talukas This is the region of the Godavari and the pravara river basins.
Parts of the southern talukas of Shrigonda, Karjat, jamkhed are also included in
this physical division. This region covers basins of the Ghod, Bhima and the Sina
rivers.
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RIVERS
The district is drained by two chief rivers ,the Godavari and the Bhima a
tributary of the Krishna . The Water-shed line is the great spur of the Sahyadris
which branches off at Harichandragad and stretches completely across the district
from west to east. The important rivers flowing through the district are Paravara,Mula,Sina
and Dhora. Pravara is tributary of the river Godavari. Waters of the river Pravara
fall from a great height, creating the Randha Falls.
The Godavari , which drains
by far the larger part of the district, including the tahsils of Kopargaon,Sangamner,Akole,Rahuri,
Newasa,Shevgaon the northern half of Parner and parts of Nagar and Jamkhed ,rises
near Trimbak in Nashik on the eastern slope of the Sahyadris. After passing the
town of Nashik it receives the Banganga and the Kadva from the north and Darna from
the south and is already a considerable stream,when ,after course of about sixty
miles ,it enters north-west corner of the Kopargaon tahsil. It then flows south-east
through rich alluvial plain past Kopargaon to the town of Puntamba,which is situated
on the Nizams frontier ,where it receives from the south the combined water of
Kat and Khara rivers.From Puntamba to a point beyond Paithan,a distance of sixty
miles ,the godavari forms almost continuously the boundary between Ahmednagar and
the Nizams dominions. At the village to Toka it receives on its right bank the
combined waters of the Pravara and the Mula.A few miles below ,the Shiva and Ganda
join it from the left and the Dhora from the right. Two miles east of Mungi the
river enters the Nizam's dominions, and hence, flowing across the peninsula ,it
empties itself into the bay of Bangal after the total course of 900 miles.
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The Pravara rises on the eastern
slopes of the Sahayadris betweenKulang and Ratangad . After the sinuous course of
twelve miles in an easterly direction, near the village Ranad, it falls into rocky
chasm 200 feet deep,and then winds for eight miles through a deep narrow glen which
opens wider valley east of and below the central plateau on which the town of Rajur
stands. Total Length ofPravara is 120 miles. The Dam Bhandardara is constructed
across the river at Bhandardara, near by are the Randha falls .
The Adhula rises
in north of Akole on the Slopes of Patta and Mahakali.It flows for fifteen miles
in an easterly direction between two ranges of hills which encloses the Samsherpur
valley ;then falling into the rocky chasm some 150 feet deep it winds between rugged
and precipitous hill-sides for couple of miles,when ,debounching in to the plain
of Sangamner,it turns south and falls into the Pravara three miles west of the town
of Sangamner.
The Mahalungi rises on
the southern and eastern slopes of Patta andAundha.After the course of three miles it passes east into the Sinnar subdivision
of Nashik.It reenters Ahmendagar after taking bend to south.
The Mula rises on the
eastern slopes of the Sahaydris between Ratangad and Harichandragad .for first twenty
miles it flows parallel to Pravara draining the southernmost or Kotul valley of
Akole subdivision.Passing the town of Kotul it takes a bend to Baleshvar .It then
crosses through Sangamner ,Parner . The Dam Mula is constructed across the river
at Baragaon Nandur.
The Dhora rises on the slopes of the hills east of the town
of Ahmendagar.It flows north-easterly ,draining Shevgaon and part of Newasa.
The Bhima
river drains the whole of the southern portion of the district ,comprising
the greater part of the Parner and Nagar subdivisions,the whole Shrigonda and Karjat
,and nearly the whole of Jamkhed.
The Sina has two chief sources ,one near Jamgaon
fourteen miles west of the town of Ahmendagar, near, Jeur ten miles to the north-east.
The town of Ahmednagar is built on left bank of the river ,which there takes south-easterly
course .Leaving the district boundary it enters Solapur and ultimately falls into
the Bhima .
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FORESTS
The western hilly part of Ahmednagar
district has forests. Teak, Babul, Bhavada, Haldu and Neem are trees found in these
forests. Fruit trees like Mango, Tamrind, Amala, Bor are also found in the district.
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