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Geology |
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The whole district forms part of the great trap region of the Deccan. Throughout
Ahmednagar the trap rock is distinctly stratified and ,as in the rest of the Deccan,
the alternative belts of basalt and amygdaloid preserve a striking parallelism to
each other .
Prismatic disposition is observed more markedly and perfectly in the
basalt strata than in the amygdaloids. Perfect columns are generally small, of four,
five, or six sides, but the prismatic structure sometimes manifests itself in basaltic
and amygdaloidal columns many feet in diameter, In the face of the hill at Kothul
a small village in shrigonda twenty four miles south of Ahmednagar ,there is thick
stratum of close grained gray homogeneous basalt wich is crowned by temple of Khandoba s .
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In the water-courses near Kadus in Parner
are columns of basalt of bluish gray colour, compact texture, vitreous hue, and
sharp fracture. At Harichandra there is sheet of rock which has the appearance of
a pavement of pentangular slabs which are doubtless the terminal planes of basaltic
columns.
Round or oval masses of compact basalt,
with concentric layers like the coasts of an onion, known as nodular basalt are
widely diffused and form another characteristic of Deccan trap formation.
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The basaltic dykes are all vertical and do not occasion any disturbance or dislocation
in the strata through which they pass. The most remarkable example is the dyke which
runs vertically from east to west through the hill-fort of Harichandragad .
Another
distinctive feature is the occurrence of strata of red ochreous rock underlining
thick strata of basalt or amygdaloid. At Baragaon-Nandur in the Rahuri subdivision
it is found many thick as a porphyritic stratum with embedded crystals of lime and
is used as a building stone.
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Another distinctive feature of the Deccan trap formation is the occurrence of immense
quantities of loose basalt stones of all sizes which look as if they had been showered
on the land :also of rock piled into heaps as if by the labour of man.
Pot holes
in the rocky river beds are of frequent occurrence. Those above the falls of the
Pravara, at village of Rauda in the Akole Subdivision, and at Kund-Mahuli in the
Kukadi river a short distance from the village Nighoj in the Parner subdivision,
are specially note worthy on account of their number and size.
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